Charles II’s disorders and illnesses are also evidence of the inbreeding of the line. He did not speak until age 4 and did not walk until age 8.Such detrimental health effects are often seen in children of consanguineous marriage because they are more likely to inherit rare deleterious recessive versions of genes. His grandfather Philip III was also born of an uncle-niece marriage - Philip II with his niece Anna of Austria.Īccording to contemporary writings, he was short and weak and suffered from intestinal problems and sporadic hematuria (the presence of red blood cells in the urine). Charles II, was dubbed El Hechizado (“The Hexed”), was the produce of an uncle-niece marriage - Phillip IV with his niece Mariana of Austria. However the book is not only that, it offers an in-depth account to settlers of Europe in South America, a must read and one recommends it with two thumbs up.Ĭoming back to topic of Habsburg Dynasty. The issue of incestuous or cousin relationship could be seen in the book by Gabriel García Márquez named One Hundred years of solitude (my guess is that Spanish society still is fascinated about the entire Habsburg Dynasty extinction issue and writers try to experiment or play and test with the issue.). Though many in Spain never got to analyze the genomes of the members of dynasty but there was a widespread belief that it was something rotten in their bloodline which resulted in their end (as staunch Roman Catholics donot like the concept of cousin marriages). When Charles II died in 1700 the line of the Spanish Habsburgs died with him and a new dynasty- the French Bourbons- was installed in Spain. In the historical literature, it has been suggested that inbreeding was a major cause responsible for the extinction of the dynasty when the king Charles II, physically and mentally disabled, died in 1700 and no children were born from his two marriages. The members of the dynasty frequently married close relatives in such a way that uncle-niece, first cousins and other consanguineous unions were prevalent in that dynasty. Habsburg Dynasty was one of the most powerful dynasties in the world who commanded large amount of Europe for over 200 years since 1516–1700. Over the years, scientists have performed genetic evaluations and research in order to find the answers regarding Spanish Habsburg Dynasty’s EXTINCTION. Though now with introduction of genetic research being carried out in Arabian countries, the lawmakers of the region understand the fallacy of such unions. Thereby, trying to institutionalize it via a religious norm in order to propagate authority. When a certain group becomes socio-economically powerful then they exert their own “ideologies” on others without understanding the consequences of it. Similarly the tribes of Middle East have massive levels of cousin marriages which is no way related with Islamic practice in particular or is in Quran but a lot to do with the tribal norms of certain tribe (particularly of Arab societies). Though, the phenomenon of cousin marriages was usually among the royals of Europe, who use to use it to keep the bloodline “PURE”. Same is the case for the American society where cousin marriages are frowned upon baring President Roosevelt who married his distant cousin (one doubts however that there has been some other, with cousin marriage who may have become president of United Sates of America). The south Asian societies usually had a traditional system where it was avoided to be married into one’s own clan and that too of your mother, thereby propagating conventional wisdom that cousin marriages are absolutely NO-NO. Over the years there has been a raging debate in the world society of late regarding the cousin and same clan marriages.
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